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Philip II, named Philip Augustus (French: Philippe Auguste; 1165 – 1223), was King of France from 1180 to his death and the first to hold that title.

Biography[]

Philip II commanded the French Army during the Siege of Acre where he aided the Crusaders. When the city fell in July 1191, Philip along with Leopold V, Duke of Austria abruptly left the Holy Land with their armies, leaving Richard I of England solely in command of the remaining expeditionary forces.[1]

During the late 12th century, Philip established different markets and fairs in what was called Les Champeaux, which would later evolve into Les Halles. He would also inaugurate the Louvre as a fortress.[2] While at war with King John of England, his worst enemy, Philip employed Eustace the Monk as a mercenary.[3]

Legacy[]

During the French Revolution, Philip's hair was stolen by the official Charles Brulay, who sold it at auction.[4]

Appearances[]

References[]

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