Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1625 to his death. He was also the first King of the House of Stuart to rule England and Ireland.
During the English Civil War, he was defeated by the parliamentarian Oliver Cromwell and beheaded. Following his death, Scotland proclaimed his son, Charles II, to be his successor. However, it would be years before the monarchy reclaimed the English throne.